Valuation desk

Valuation

Drop a ticker in for the per-name valuation workbench, or use the calculators tab for sizing and payoff math.

Per-ticker workbench

Pick a name — we'll pull live multiples, build a 5-year history range, and pre-fill the DCF with real numbers.

AAPL MSFT NVDA GOOGL META AMZN TSLA JPM XOM LLY

Options payoffs Risk & position sizing Stock valuation

Options payoffs

Tao of Trading classics

Intrinsic vs Extrinsic value

How much of the premium is real value (intrinsic) vs time/volatility decay (extrinsic). Extrinsic is what melts away as expiry approaches.

Option type Premium ($) Stock price ($) Strike ($)

Intrinsic

—

Extrinsic

—

% time premium

—

Long call

Buy a call. Max loss = the premium you paid. Profit grows uncapped above breakeven (strike + premium).

Strike ($) Premium ($) Contracts Stock at expiry ($)

Max loss

—

Breakeven

—

Max profit

∞

P/L at exit

—

Long put

Buy a put. Max loss = premium. Max profit = (strike − premium) × 100, capped at zero stock price.

Strike ($) Premium ($) Contracts Stock at expiry ($)

Max loss

—

Breakeven

—

Max profit

—

P/L at exit

—

Call debit spread (bull call spread)

Buy a lower-strike call, sell a higher-strike call. Caps the upside in exchange for a cheaper debit and a defined max loss.

Long strike (buy) Short strike (sell) Long premium paid Short premium received Contracts Stock at expiry ($)

Net debit

—

Max loss

—

Breakeven

—

Max profit

—

P/L at exit

—

Put debit spread (bear put spread)

Buy a higher-strike put, sell a lower-strike put. Defined-risk way to play a drop without paying for the full put premium.

Long strike (buy, higher) Short strike (sell, lower) Long premium paid Short premium received Contracts Stock at expiry ($)

Net debit

—

Max loss

—

Breakeven

—

Max profit

—

P/L at exit

—

Risk & position sizing

Trade what you can afford to lose

Position size — % risk per trade

Given your account size, the % you're willing to lose on this idea, your entry, and your stop — how many shares should you buy?

Account size ($) % risk per trade Entry price ($) Stop price ($)

$ at risk

—

$/share risk

—

Position $

—

R-multiple — risk/reward read

"R" is your initial risk per share (entry − stop). Target gives you the R-multiple — anything < 2R is usually a pass.

Entry ($) Stop ($) Target ($)

1R (risk/share)

—

Reward/share

—

R-multiple

—

Stock valuation

Long-term fair value math

Compound returns

Future value of an investment growing at a constant rate. Use the second input to also add a recurring monthly contribution.

Starting amount ($) Monthly contribution ($) Annual return (%) Years

Total contributed

—

Total interest

—

Future value

—

P/E fair value

Quick read on what a stock should be worth: forward EPS × your assumed P/E multiple. Compare to current price for upside %.

Forward EPS ($) Target P/E multiple Current price ($)

Fair value

—

Upside / downside

—

Implied P/E now

—

Discounted cash flow (DCF)

Two-stage DCF: project free cash flow growing at the high-growth rate for N years, then a terminal value using the perpetual-growth rate. Divide by shares for fair value per share.

Current FCF ($M) Growth years Growth rate (%/yr) Terminal growth (%) Discount rate / WACC (%) Shares outstanding (M) Current stock price ($)

PV of forecast FCF

—

PV of terminal

—

Fair $/share

—

Upside / downside

—

Calculators are educational tools — not trading advice. Real-world option prices include dealer skew, commissions, and assignment risk that these payoff charts ignore. Always conduct your own due diligence before placing any trade.